Thirteen names are accepted by --target. Ten are server targets that
emit a complete HTTP + Action Cable application; the rest are
variations on those. This page says what each needs and how far each
is tested — which is the honest measure of how much to trust it.
The server targets
| Target | Emits | Prerequisites to build and run |
|---|---|---|
rust | Cargo crate (axum, rusqlite) | Rust 1.85+, SQLite library |
go | Go module | Go 1.24+ |
typescript | Node package | Node.js 24+ |
crystal | shard | Crystal 1.10+, SQLite library |
elixir | Mix project | Elixir 1.15+ |
kotlin | Gradle build (JVM) | JDK 17+, Gradle 8+ |
swift | Swift package | Swift 6+; on Linux libsqlite3-dev |
python | Python project (uv) | Python 3.11+, uv |
csharp | .NET solution | .NET SDK 10+ |
ruby | Ruby tree — the framework runtime in Ruby, no Rails | Ruby 3.4+, bundler, SQLite; Node for the asset build |
All ten serve on :3000, speak Action Cable at /cable, use SQLite at
storage/development.sqlite3, and are seeded by
sqlite3 storage/development.sqlite3 < db/seed.sql. Each ships the
app's model and controller tests and a Playwright e2e/ suite; the
sqlite3 CLI and Node.js 24+ are needed for the latter.
The variations
| Target | What it is |
|---|---|
jruby | The ruby emit with prebuilt assets and JRuby run/test commands. JRuby 10+ (JDK 21+). |
spinel | The ruby shape packaged as a spin project for ahead-of-time compilation to a native binary. Needs the Spinel compiler; spinel.md. |
typescript-worker | The typescript emit bundled to run in a browser SharedWorker, with SQLite compiled to WebAssembly, for the in-browser demos. Node.js 24+ to bundle; no server. |
How far each is tested
The lanes below run across targets in scheduled full validation, or when
requested with ci:full. Ordinary PRs use a Ruby floor plus targeted
additions for the files they change. After Full goes red, maintainers can
narrow fix rounds with focus labels (ci:swift, ci:extras, …) — see
CI coverage. Pushes to canonical main run that Ruby
floor plus the full Spinel suite; extra-language SDKs wait for the
three-hour schedule. Maintainers can request full PR coverage with ci:full. The lanes use the blog fixture
(fixtures/real-blog: articles, comments,
nested routes, validations, Turbo Streams over Action Cable, Tailwind)
unless another app is named. A target's row in
RELEASES.md records where these stood at the
snapshot.
| Lane | What it proves | Targets |
|---|---|---|
| compare | The emitted server renders the same DOM as live Rails, node for node, on every page of the fixture; JSON endpoints value for value. verifying.md. | rust, go, typescript, crystal, elixir, kotlin, swift, python, csharp, ruby, jruby, spinel |
| smoke | The emitted README's own commands — build, setup, test, e2e in a real browser — run verbatim from the published archive. | rust, go, typescript, crystal, elixir, kotlin, swift, python, csharp, ruby, jruby, spinel |
| framework tests | The framework runtime's own test suite (runtime/ruby/test/) passes when transpiled to the target — the runtime is itself transpiled, so this is the target's Active Record, Action Controller and Action View under test. | crystal, kotlin, swift, typescript, ruby, spinel; rust on a subset |
| toolchain | Unit tests emitted for a smaller fixture (tiny-blog) compile and pass — the absent-feature shape the full blog can't exercise. | crystal, elixir, python, typescript, csharp, spinel (go, rust, kotlin, swift are covered by smoke instead and keep their harness for the dev loop) |
| Campfire | Basecamp's Campfire — attachments, rich text, web push, bots, search, boosts, multiple rooms and users — compared against live Rails page by page, its own test suite run against the transpile, and its Action Cable broadcasts checked frame for frame. | ruby, spinel |
The last row is the important asymmetry. The nine compiled and JVM
targets are proven on the blog; the Ruby shape — on CRuby, and
compiled by Spinel — is proven on Campfire, a real product with a real
surface, and is the lane the framework runtime is developed against
first. When a Rails feature lands in roundhouse it lands there, and
reaches the other targets as their emitters and runtimes catch up.
rails-coverage.md is the feature-level view of
that gap.
The conformance bar
The conformance bar is a passing compare result against the fixture,
not the assumption that every target was checked on an ordinary PR.
A page that renders one node differently — an
attribute missing, a whitespace text node — is red. That is
deliberately a higher bar than "the tests pass": it means the emitted
app is the same app, as a browser or a scraper would see it, not a
reimplementation that happens to agree on the tested paths.
The cost of the bar is that a target can drop off it. A target whose
compare lane goes red on main and stays red is not on the list for
the next snapshot, and its row in RELEASES.md says so.
This page is docs/guide/targets.md in the repository; edits are welcome there.